Reel fiber optic cable refers to fiber optic cables that are wound onto reels for easy transportation, storage, and deployment. Any type of damage minimizes or even makes the installation obsolete. The light is "guided" down the center of the fiber called the "core". The core is surrounded by a optical material called the "cladding" that traps the. Understanding the Components of Optical Fiber Cables: Core, Cladding, and Beyond Optical Fiber cables are revolutionizing the telecommunications industry by providing faster and more reliable internet and communication services. With the rapid growth of fiber optic technology, it is essential to. The structure of a typical single-mode fiber.